ZeroDay Findings
Sign inSign up

Vulnerabilities

Security fix · CVE-2025-4412

On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (

Published May 27, 2025 · catalog updated Jun 6, 2025 · SparkLabs Viscosity

Severity
Medium4.8
Known exploitation
Not in CISA/VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
0.2%
Remediation
Vendor / distro source
Affected products
vendor SparkLabs Viscosity 0 ≤1.11.4

On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to other resources beyond granted-permissions requires user interaction with a system prompt asking for permission. This issue was fixed in version 1.11.5 of Viscosity.

Technical analysis

Mechanism and impact are interpreted from ingested advisories — not independent exploit research.

  • CWE classification

    No CWE identifiers stored yet.

  • Prerequisites and impact

    Follow the original vendor advisory for access prerequisites and impact. This catalog does not invent exploit conditions.

How to fix CVE-2025-4412

Grounded briefings

Catalog interpretations for three audiences. Each brief cites ingested metadata and the original advisories below. They are not independent research and they do not invent exploit steps.

Executive

CVE-2025-4412 is a medium public vulnerability record for SparkLabs Viscosity. It is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited catalog. Check the linked vendor or CERT advisories for patch status. This summary is a catalog interpretation of the ingested metadata and cites the original advisories below.

System administrator

Identify whether SparkLabs Viscosity is in your estate, then compare installed versions with the affected ranges. Affected packages or ranges on record: SparkLabs Viscosity 0 ≤1.11.4 (0 ≤1.11.4). Check the linked vendor or CERT advisories for patch status. Prefer the vendor or distribution advisory linked in Sources before changing production systems. This is a catalog interpretation, not a runbook.

Security analyst

Signals on file: CVSS 4.8 (technical impact); EPSS 0.2% (30-day exploitation probability). It is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited catalog. Sources contributing to this record: epss, euvd. Public exploit references, when present, are outbound links only and are not proof of active exploitation. This is a catalog interpretation of stored metadata.

Related intelligence

  • Exploitation evidence

    Not listed as known exploited in CISA KEV. Not in CISA KEV or VulnCheck KEV.

  • Safe detection guidance

    Compare installed versions with the affected ranges below and verify the advisory from the original publisher. This site stores metadata and outbound links only; it does not ship exploit code or proof-of-concept payloads.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

No public source repository is identified for this product.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. May 27, 2025 · EUVD

    Detected

    On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to oth

  2. Jun 6, 2025 · EUVD

    Updated

    On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to oth

Affected versions

Enter an installed version to get a verified affected / not-affected result against the ranges below.

  • vendor SparkLabs Viscosity 0 ≤1.11.40 ≤1.11.4

Sources

  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2025-4412

    30-day exploitation probability 0.2%

    first.org
  • EUVDVulnerability recordEUVD-2025-17060

    On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitl

    euvd.enisa.europa.eu

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Oct 18, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.