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Vulnerabilities

Vulnerability · CVE-2026-31228

The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component.

Published May 12, 2026 · catalog updated Aug 12, 2026 · The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox

Check if you run it

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2026-31228. EPSS is 1.07%. Act only if a listed version of The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox is installed.

Gaps on this record

  • The stored product name is a package slug. The name on this page is taken from the title (The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox).
  • No version range is stored. A customer cannot check an installed version against this record.
  • No vendor fix or required action is stored. Compare the linked advisory before you change production.
Severity
Critical9.8
Known exploitation
Not in CISA/VulnCheck KEV
EPSS
1.07%
Remediation
Advisory link
Affected products
See sources for product scope

The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component. The robustness evaluation function for PyTorch models uses the unsafe eval() function to dynamically evaluate user-supplied strings for the LossFn and Optimizer parameters without any sanitization or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by providing a specially crafted string that contains arbitrary Python code, which will be executed when eval() is called, leading to complete compromise of the system running the ART evaluation.

No affected version ranges are stored yet. Use the vendor advisory before you decide this record does not apply.

How to fix CVE-2026-31228

What to do

Three questions, each answered from this record only. Confirm the vendor advisory before you patch.

Should you patch?

No confirmed exploitation is on record for CVE-2026-31228. EPSS is 1.07%. Act only if a listed version of The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox is installed.

Which versions are affected?

Affected version ranges are not on this record. Compare the installed version with the linked vendor advisory before you change production.

What should an analyst verify?

CWE-94: Code Injection. EPSS 1.07%. There is no CISA KEV listing. No Exploit-DB or Metasploit reference is linked. Use the source links for the original advisory.

Code

The project this record applies to. Exploit listings stay in References.

Timeline

Detection, updates, and resolution for this record.

  1. May 12, 2026 · NIST NVD

    Detected

    The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component. The robustness evaluation function for PyTorch models uses the unsafe eval() function to dynamically evaluate user-supplied strings for the LossFn and Optimizer parameters without any sanitization or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by providing a specia

  2. Aug 12, 2026 · NIST NVD

    Updated

    The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component. The robustness evaluation function for PyTorch models uses the unsafe eval() function to dynamically evaluate user-supplied strings for the LossFn and Optimizer parameters without any sanitization or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by providing a specia

Sources

  • CVE.orgVulnerability recordCVE-2026-31228

    Official CVE identifier

    cve.org
  • FIRST EPSSExploitation probabilityCVE-2026-31228

    30-day exploitation probability 1.1%

    first.org
  • NIST NVDVulnerability recordCVE-2026-31228

    The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component. The robustness evaluation function for PyTorch models uses the unsafe eval() function to dynamically evaluate user-supplied strings for the LossFn and Op

    nvd.nist.gov

References

Freshness

Last verified in this catalog Oct 18, 2026. Significant claims (KEV, EPSS, CVSS, affected ranges) come from the source rows above — open the original publisher for the authoritative advisory.